{"id":37216,"date":"2026-07-04T08:22:17","date_gmt":"2026-07-04T02:52:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atsixty.com\/?p=37216"},"modified":"2026-07-04T18:55:47","modified_gmt":"2026-07-04T13:25:47","slug":"psychiatry-summative-revision-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atsixty.com\/index.php\/morning-rounds\/psychiatry-summative-revision-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychiatry &#8211; Summative Revision Notes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;0,700;1,400;1,600&amp;family=Source+Serif+4:ital,wght@0,300;0,400;0,600;1,400&amp;display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n<style>\n#psyrev01 *,#psyrev01 *::before,#psyrev01 *::after{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}\n#psyrev01{\n  --py:#34547A;--py-dark:#243C56;--py-pale:#E8EEF5;--py-mid:#4A6B95;\n  --acc:#8B3A42;--acc-pale:#F5E8E9;\n  --ink:#1F2B38;--ink-mid:#3D4F61;--ink-soft:#7E8FA0;\n  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class=\"rv-header\">\n    <div class=\"rv-eyebrow\">Morning Rounds \u00b7 Psychiatry Series<\/div>\n    <div class=\"rv-title\">Psychiatry<br><em>Summative Revision Notes<\/em><\/div>\n    <div class=\"rv-subtitle\">Eight topics \u00b7 NEET-PG \/ INI-CET \/ UPSC CMS \u00b7 Key facts, criteria, mechanisms and traps<\/div>\n    <div class=\"rv-chips\">\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Mood Disorders<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Anxiety, OCD &amp; Trauma<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Psychotic Disorders<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Psychopharmacology I<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Psychopharmacology II<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Substance Use<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Emergencies &amp; Special Populations<\/span>\n      <span class=\"rv-chip\">Depression in Students<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"rv-body\">\n\n    <div class=\"rv-intro\">\n      <p>These notes consolidate the eight Psychiatry Morning Rounds. They are written for rapid pre-exam revision \u2014 not first-time learning. Each section heading links to its quiz. Summative pill-badges at the end of each section capture the single-line facts most likely to appear as isolated IBQs. A few facts and trade names beyond what any single round tested are included where they round out the topic.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 1 \u2014 MOOD DISORDERS\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/mood-disorders-depression-mania-the-spectrum-between\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 01 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Mood Disorders \u2014 Depression, Mania &amp; the Spectrum Between <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Grief vs. Major Depressive Episode<\/div>\n        <p>DSM-5 dropped the bereavement exclusion, but grief and MDD remain distinguishable by <strong>symptom quality, not timing alone<\/strong> \u2014 intermittent vs. pervasive low mood, preserved vs. absent capacity for positive affect, presence or absence of true anhedonia and pathological guilt.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Bipolar I vs. Bipolar II<\/div>\n        <p>Hypomania = <strong>\u22654 days<\/strong>, observable change, no marked functional impairment, psychosis, or hospitalisation. Mania = <strong>\u22657 days<\/strong> or any hospitalisation, regardless of duration. Bipolar II requires hypomania plus a major depressive episode \u2014 never a full manic episode.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Mixed Features &amp; the Antidepressant Switch<\/div>\n        <p>SSRI <strong>monotherapy<\/strong> in a bipolar patient \u2014 without a mood stabiliser or antipsychotic on board \u2014 carries a recognised risk of precipitating mania, hypomania, or a mixed episode. Concurrent depressive and manic\/hypomanic symptoms together define mixed features.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Double Depression<\/div>\n        <p>Persistent depressive disorder (\u22652 years, symptom-free gaps never exceeding 2 months) plus a superimposed major depressive episode can be <strong>coded together<\/strong> \u2014 DSM-5 does not treat these as mutually exclusive.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>Atypical<\/th><th>Melancholic<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Mood reactivity<\/td><td>Present \u2014 brightens with good news<\/td><td>Absent \u2014 unreactive to positive events<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Sleep<\/td><td>Hypersomnia<\/td><td>Insomnia, often early morning waking<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Appetite<\/td><td>Hyperphagia, weight gain<\/td><td>Anorexia, weight loss<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Other<\/td><td>Leaden paralysis, rejection sensitivity<\/td><td>Profound anhedonia, excessive guilt<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>Escitalopram (<strong>Nexito, Cipralex<\/strong>) remains the most commonly reached-for SSRI starting point across mood and anxiety presentations alike \u2014 worth knowing the brand cold, since prescriptions and case vignettes both use it freely.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">Grief \u2260 MDD by timing alone \u2014 symptom quality decides<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Hypomania \u22654 days; mania \u22657 days or any hospitalisation<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">SSRI monotherapy can switch a bipolar patient<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Atypical = reactive mood + hypersomnia; melancholic = the opposite<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/mood-disorders-depression-mania-the-spectrum-between\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 01<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 2 \u2014 ANXIETY, OCD & TRAUMA\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/anxiety-ocd-trauma\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 02 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Anxiety, OCD &amp; Trauma \u2014 Worry, Rituals &amp; the Aftermath of Fear <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">GAD \u2014 First-Line Pharmacotherapy<\/div>\n        <p>SSRI or SNRI (escitalopram, venlafaxine) is first-line. <strong>Buspirone<\/strong> (Buspin) is a non-habit-forming alternative. Benzodiazepines (alprazolam \u2014 Restyl, Alprax) may bridge the first weeks but are <strong>not<\/strong> maintenance therapy.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia<\/div>\n        <p>SSRI (paroxetine, sertraline) first-line; given its 2\u20134 week lag, a short-term benzodiazepine bridge \u2014 classically <strong>clonazepam<\/strong> (Petril, Clonotril) \u2014 is often co-prescribed and tapered once the SSRI takes hold.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">OCD \u2014 Dosing Is Different<\/div>\n        <p>OCD needs <strong>higher SSRI doses<\/strong> than depression (fluoxetine up to 60\u201380mg) and <strong>longer trials<\/strong> (8\u201312 weeks at the higher dose) before judging response. Clomipramine (Anafranil) \u2014 a TCA with potent serotonergic activity \u2014 is the recognised second-line option.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">PTSD &amp; the Nightmare-Specific Agent<\/div>\n        <p>Sertraline and paroxetine carry the strongest evidence and are first-line. For nightmares specifically, <strong>prazosin<\/strong> (Minipress) \u2014 an alpha-1 blocker, repurposed from its antihypertensive role \u2014 has dedicated trial evidence.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Propranolol's Real Niche<\/div>\n        <p>Propranolol (Ciplar) is for <strong>performance-only<\/strong> social anxiety \u2014 a single dose before a discrete event like a viva or public talk. It is not maintenance therapy for generalised social anxiety, and it is not a mechanism-matched substitute for an SSRI.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">GAD: SSRI\/SNRI first-line, benzo bridges only<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">OCD needs higher doses, longer trials than depression<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Prazosin targets PTSD nightmares specifically<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Propranolol = performance anxiety only, not daily use<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/anxiety-ocd-trauma\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 02<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 3 \u2014 PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/psychotic-disorders-schizophrenia-its-boundaries\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 03 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Psychotic Disorders \u2014 Schizophrenia &amp; Its Boundaries <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Diagnosis<\/th><th>Duration<\/th><th>Outcome requirement<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Brief psychotic disorder<\/td><td>1 day \u2013 1 month<\/td><td>Full return to baseline<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Schizophreniform disorder<\/td><td>1 \u2013 6 months<\/td><td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Schizophrenia<\/td><td>\u22656 months continuous<\/td><td>Functional decline<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Treat Now, Classify Later<\/div>\n        <p>Antipsychotic treatment starts <strong>promptly<\/strong> once active psychosis is identified \u2014 duration tiers guide eventual diagnosis and prognosis, not whether or when to begin treatment.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Schizoaffective Disorder \u2014 the Defining Requirement<\/div>\n        <p>Needs a mood episode concurrent with psychosis for a <strong>substantial portion<\/strong> of the illness, <strong>plus<\/strong> \u22652 weeks of psychosis with no mood episode at all. That second clause is what separates it from mood disorder with psychotic features, where psychosis tracks only with mood episodes.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Delusional Disorder<\/div>\n        <p>\u22651 month, non-bizarre, functioning preserved outside the delusion's direct impact. Subtypes: erotomanic, persecutory, grandiose, jealous, somatic. Poor insight into the delusion itself often limits engagement with treatment \u2014 even while the patient functions well otherwise.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">First-Rank Symptoms<\/div>\n        <p>Thought broadcasting, thought insertion\/withdrawal, somatic passivity, delusional perception \u2014 classically associated with schizophrenia, but DSM-5 gives them <strong>no special standalone diagnostic weight<\/strong> anymore. Same \u22652-symptom\/duration\/functional criteria apply regardless.<\/p>\n\n        <p>Haloperidol (<strong>Serenace<\/strong>) IM remains the standard for acute agitation in an undifferentiated psychotic presentation; risperidone (Risdone, Sizodon) is a common oral starting atypical once the acute phase settles.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">Brief \u2192 schizophreniform \u2192 schizophrenia by duration<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Schizoaffective needs psychosis WITHOUT mood episode too<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Delusional disorder: functioning preserved outside the delusion<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">First-rank symptoms: suggestive, not privileged, in DSM-5<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/psychotic-disorders-schizophrenia-its-boundaries\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 03<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 4 \u2014 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY I\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/psychopharmacology-i-antidepressants-mood-stabilisers\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 04 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Psychopharmacology I \u2014 Antidepressants &amp; Mood Stabilisers <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">SSRIs in the Elderly<\/div>\n        <p>Beyond the usual GI\/sexual side effects, watch specifically for <strong>SIADH-related hyponatraemia<\/strong> \u2014 a clinically important, exam-favoured elderly-specific risk.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Fluoxetine \u2192 MAOI Washout<\/div>\n        <p><strong>~5 weeks<\/strong> after fluoxetine (Fludac, Prozac) specifically \u2014 vs. ~2 weeks for other SSRIs \u2014 because norfluoxetine's long half-life risks serotonin syndrome if an MAOI is started too soon.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Lithium Toxicity &amp; Pregnancy<\/div>\n        <p>Coarse tremor + ataxia + confusion + vomiting \u2192 check serum lithium (Licab, Lithosun) urgently. In pregnancy, the teratogenic risk is <strong>cardiac \u2014 Ebstein's anomaly<\/strong>, not neural tube defects.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Agent<\/th><th>Polarity strength<\/th><th>Teratogenic risk<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Valproate (Encorate, Valance)<\/td><td>Manic-predominant<\/td><td>High \u2014 neural tube defects, lower IQ<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Lamotrigine (Lamitor, Lamez)<\/td><td>Depressive-predominant<\/td><td>Lower \u2014 needs slow titration (Stevens-Johnson risk)<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">TCA Overdose<\/div>\n        <p>QRS &gt;100ms = <strong>sodium channel blockade<\/strong>. IV sodium bicarbonate is the priority \u2014 not calcium gluconate, which is for calcium-channel-blocker toxicity, a different mechanism entirely. Amitriptyline (Tryptomer) is the classic culprit in deliberate overdose vignettes.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">SSRIs in elderly: watch for SIADH\/hyponatraemia<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Fluoxetine needs ~5-week MAOI washout<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Lithium + pregnancy = Ebstein's, not neural tube defect<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">TCA overdose QRS widening \u2192 sodium bicarbonate<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/psychopharmacology-i-antidepressants-mood-stabilisers\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 04<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 5 \u2014 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY II\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/psychopharmacology-ii-antipsychotics-movement-disorders-clozapine\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 05 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Psychopharmacology II \u2014 Antipsychotics, Movement Disorders &amp; Clozapine <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Why Atypicals Cause Less EPS<\/div>\n        <p>5-HT2A antagonism layered on D2 blockade <strong>disinhibits nigrostriatal dopamine<\/strong>, partially offsetting the D2 block \u2014 the core mechanistic reason atypicals (risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine) carry lower EPS risk than typicals.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>NMS<\/th><th>Serotonin Syndrome<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Onset<\/td><td>Days<\/td><td>Hours<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Rigidity<\/td><td>Lead-pipe<\/td><td>Clonus, hyperreflexia<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Trigger<\/td><td>Antipsychotic (dopamine blockade)<\/td><td>Serotonergic combination (e.g. SSRI+MAOI)<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Treatment<\/td><td>Dantrolene, bromocriptine<\/td><td>Cyproheptadine + supportive care<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Tardive Dyskinesia \u2014 the Anticholinergic Trap<\/div>\n        <p>Orofacial movements after long-term typical antipsychotic use. <strong>Anticholinergics worsen, not treat, TD<\/strong> \u2014 that's the reverse of their role in acute EPS (see below). Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine (VMAT2 inhibitors) are the newer licensed options.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Acute EPS \/ Drug-Induced Parkinsonism \u2014 Not Tested Directly, Worth Knowing<\/div>\n        <p>For <strong>acute<\/strong> drug-induced parkinsonism or dystonia \u2014 rigidity, tremor, shuffling gait soon after starting a typical antipsychotic \u2014 the standard agent is <strong>trihexyphenidyl<\/strong> (Tripax, Pacitane), an anticholinergic that restores the dopamine-acetylcholine balance disrupted by D2 blockade. The trap: this is the opposite drug class strategy from TD, where anticholinergics make things worse. Timing and movement type (parkinsonian vs. choreiform\/orofacial) is what separates the two scenarios.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Clozapine<\/div>\n        <p>Reserved for <strong>treatment-resistant<\/strong> schizophrenia (failed \u22652 adequate trials). Agranulocytosis risk mandates weekly \u2192 fortnightly FBC monitoring. Clozapine (Clozapex, Sizopin) also carries the <strong>highest metabolic burden<\/strong> of any atypical, alongside olanzapine (Oleanz).<\/p>\n\n        <p>Quetiapine (<strong>Quitipin, Qutan<\/strong>) is sedating and frequently used off-label for insomnia or anxiety augmentation beyond its primary antipsychotic\/mood-stabiliser-adjunct role \u2014 common in real prescriptions, worth recognising by brand.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">Atypicals: 5-HT2A blockade offsets D2-driven EPS<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">NMS = days + lead-pipe; serotonin syndrome = hours + clonus<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Anticholinergics: treat acute EPS, worsen TD<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Clozapine: treatment-resistant only, mandatory FBC monitoring<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/psychopharmacology-ii-antipsychotics-movement-disorders-clozapine\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 05<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 6 \u2014 SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/substance-use-disorders-alcohol-opioids-beyond\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 06 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Substance Use Disorders \u2014 Alcohol, Opioids &amp; Beyond <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Alcohol Withdrawal<\/div>\n        <p>Seizures ~24\u201348h, delirium tremens ~48\u201372h post last drink. Chlordiazepoxide (<strong>Librium, Equilibrium<\/strong>) or diazepam first-line, symptom-triggered (CIWA-Ar) or fixed reducing schedule.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Wernicke's Triad<\/div>\n        <p>Confusion + ataxia + ophthalmoplegia. <strong>IV thiamine<\/strong> (Pabrinex) before or with glucose \u2014 glucose-first can precipitate or worsen Wernicke's in a thiamine-depleted patient.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>Opioid Overdose<\/th><th>Opioid Withdrawal<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Pupils<\/td><td>Miosis (pinpoint)<\/td><td>Mydriasis (dilated)<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Respiratory rate<\/td><td>Depressed \u2014 life-threatening<\/td><td>Normal\/increased<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Management<\/td><td>Naloxone (Narcan)<\/td><td>Supportive \u2014 rarely life-threatening<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Methadone vs. Buprenorphine<\/div>\n        <p>Methadone = <strong>full agonist<\/strong>, real overdose risk, supervised dosing. Buprenorphine (often as Suboxone, with naloxone) = <strong>partial agonist<\/strong>, ceiling effect on respiratory depression, safer for take-home use; the naloxone component deters injection misuse.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Cannabis Use Disorder Is Real<\/div>\n        <p>~9% of ever-users, ~17% of daily users develop dependence. A recognised DSM-5 withdrawal syndrome exists too \u2014 the \"cannabis isn't addictive\" claim is factually incorrect.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">Seizures ~24\u201348h, DTs ~48\u201372h after last drink<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Thiamine before glucose in suspected Wernicke's<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Naloxone for overdose, not for withdrawal<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Buprenorphine's ceiling effect = safer take-home option<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/substance-use-disorders-alcohol-opioids-beyond\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 06<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 7 \u2014 EMERGENCIES & SPECIAL POPULATIONS\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/emergencies-special-populations-risk-delirium-children-the-elderly-conversion\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 07 \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Emergencies &amp; Special Populations <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Suicide Risk \u2014 Static vs. Dynamic Factors<\/div>\n        <p>Static (prior attempt, male sex, age) are fixed and inform baseline risk. Dynamic (hopelessness, active substance use, insomnia) are what <strong>acute management actually targets<\/strong>. Means access \u2014 firearms, medications \u2014 is the single most actionable lever.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Feature<\/th><th>Delirium<\/th><th>Dementia<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Onset<\/td><td>Acute\/subacute<\/td><td>Insidious, months\u2013years<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Course<\/td><td>Fluctuating<\/td><td>Progressive, stable day-to-day<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Attention<\/td><td>Impaired \u2014 the cardinal feature<\/td><td>Preserved until late stages<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Worsened by<\/td><td>Anticholinergic drugs<\/td><td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">ADHD<\/div>\n        <p>Symptoms in \u22652 settings, onset before age 12, &gt;6 months, functional impairment. Methylphenidate (<strong>Addwize, Macpod<\/strong>) is first-line; atomoxetine (Attentrol) when stimulants aren't suitable.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Depressive Pseudodementia<\/div>\n        <p>Poor test effort, rapid onset linked to mood, <strong>reversible with antidepressants<\/strong> \u2014 unlike true dementia's consistent deficits regardless of effort or mood treatment.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Functional Neurological Disorder<\/div>\n        <p><strong>Hoover's sign<\/strong> = a positive examination finding, not merely an absence of pathology. Symptoms are genuine and non-volitional \u2014 distinct from malingering (conscious, external gain) and factitious disorder (conscious, sick-role).<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">Means restriction is the most actionable suicide-risk lever<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Delirium = acute + fluctuating + inattention; dementia = the opposite<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Methylphenidate first-line for ADHD<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Pseudodementia reverses with antidepressants<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/emergencies-special-populations-risk-delirium-children-the-elderly-conversion\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 07<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         SECTION 8 \u2014 DEPRESSION IN STUDENTS (special added round)\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/depression-in-students-peers-parents-the-silence-between\/\">\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Topic 08 \u00b7 Psychiatry \u00b7 Special Added Round<\/div>\n          <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Depression in Students \u2014 Peers, Parents &amp; the Silence Between <span class=\"rv-arrow\">\u2197<\/span><\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Burnout \u2260 Depression, But They Overlap<\/div>\n        <p>Maslach's triad \u2014 exhaustion, depersonalisation, reduced accomplishment \u2014 is occupational, not a formal diagnosis. Major depressive disorder needs its own separate mood\/anhedonia criteria. The two frequently co-occur in medical students and should be <strong>screened for independently<\/strong>, not collapsed into one label.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">PHQ-9 Bands<\/div>\n        <p>0\u20134 minimal \u00b7 5\u20139 mild \u00b7 10\u201314 moderate \u00b7 15\u201319 moderately severe \u00b7 20\u201327 severe. A positive item 9 (death wish) \u2014 even <strong>passive<\/strong> \u2014 always needs its own dedicated, structured risk assessment; the score band alone doesn't substitute for that conversation.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">The Generational Dismissal<\/div>\n        <p>\"We never complained\" invalidation is a <strong>documented stigma barrier<\/strong>, independently linked to greater symptom severity and functional decline at first presentation \u2014 a measurable cost distinct from the disorder's natural course.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Resident Doctor Risk<\/div>\n        <p>Hierarchy + sleep deprivation + means access + fear of disclosing to seniors converge in this population. Safety planning needs explicit <strong>means restriction<\/strong> and a trusted contact <strong>outside<\/strong> the supervisory chain.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">QPR for Peers (Question, Persuade, Refer)<\/div>\n        <p>Asking directly about distress does <strong>not<\/strong> plant suicidal ideation \u2014 that is a documented myth, not a real risk. Silence and \"toughen up\" responses delay disclosure; direct, non-judgmental questions don't cause harm and often provide relief.<\/p>\n\n        <p><span class=\"rv-pill\">Screen burnout and depression separately, not as one label<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Passive death wish on PHQ-9 still needs a full risk assessment<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Generational dismissal measurably worsens presentation severity<\/span> <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Asking directly does not plant suicidal ideation \u2014 that's a myth<\/span><\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-quiz-wrap\"><a class=\"rv-quiz-link\" href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/depression-in-students-peers-parents-the-silence-between\/\">\u25b6 Open Quiz 08<\/a><\/div>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\n         EXAMINER'S FAVOURITES \u2014 CROSS-SERIES RAPID RECALL\n    \u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550\u2550 -->\n    <div class=\"rv-section\">\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-head\">\n        <div class=\"rv-sec-num\">Cross-Series \u00b7 Psychiatry<\/div>\n        <div class=\"rv-sec-title\">Examiner's Favourites \u2014 Rapid Recall<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"rv-sec-body\">\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Diagnostic thresholds to know cold<\/div>\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Threshold<\/th><th>What it marks<\/th><th>Key anchor<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Hypomania duration<\/td><td>Bipolar II vs. normal mood<\/td><td>\u22654 days, no marked impairment<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Mania duration<\/td><td>Bipolar I<\/td><td>\u22657 days, or any hospitalisation<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>Brief \u2192 schizophreniform \u2192 schizophrenia<\/td><td>Psychotic disorder duration ladder<\/td><td>1 month \/ 6 months cut-offs<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>OCD SSRI trial<\/td><td>Adequate dose &amp; duration<\/td><td>Higher dose, 8\u201312 weeks<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td>PHQ-9 bands<\/td><td>Depression severity<\/td><td>15\u201319 = moderately severe<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Mechanisms &amp; named concepts \u2014 one-liners<\/div>\n        <p>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill\">SIADH hyponatraemia: SSRI-specific elderly risk<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill\">Leaden paralysis: a defining feature of atypical depression<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Ebstein's anomaly: the lithium-pregnancy teratogen, not neural tube defect<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Stevens-Johnson risk: why lamotrigine needs slow titration<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Hoover's sign: positive finding confirming functional neurological disorder<\/span>\n        <\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Trade names to know (India)<\/div>\n        <div class=\"rv-table-wrap\">\n          <table>\n            <tbody><tr><th>Generic<\/th><th>Common brand(s)<\/th><th>Note<\/th><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Escitalopram<\/strong><\/td><td>Nexito, Cipralex<\/td><td>SSRI, common first-line<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Fluoxetine<\/strong><\/td><td>Fludac, Prozac<\/td><td>Long half-life \u2014 5-week MAOI washout<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Clomipramine<\/strong><\/td><td>Anafranil<\/td><td>TCA, second-line OCD<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Lithium<\/strong><\/td><td>Licab, Lithosun<\/td><td>Narrow therapeutic index<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Valproate<\/strong><\/td><td>Encorate, Valance<\/td><td>Manic-predominant; high teratogenic risk<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Lamotrigine<\/strong><\/td><td>Lamitor, Lamez<\/td><td>Depressive-predominant; slow titration<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Quetiapine<\/strong><\/td><td>Quitipin, Qutan<\/td><td>Sedating; off-label insomnia\/anxiety use<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Olanzapine<\/strong><\/td><td>Oleanz, Onza<\/td><td>Highest metabolic burden among atypicals<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Risperidone<\/strong><\/td><td>Risdone, Sizodon<\/td><td>Common starting oral atypical<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Clozapine<\/strong><\/td><td>Clozapex, Sizopin<\/td><td>Treatment-resistant only; FBC monitoring<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Haloperidol<\/strong><\/td><td>Serenace<\/td><td>IM, acute agitation<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Trihexyphenidyl<\/strong><\/td><td>Tripax, Pacitane<\/td><td>Anticholinergic \u2014 treats acute EPS, worsens TD<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Diazepam<\/strong><\/td><td>Calmpose<\/td><td>Alcohol withdrawal, status epilepticus<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Chlordiazepoxide<\/strong><\/td><td>Librium, Equilibrium<\/td><td>First-line for alcohol withdrawal protocol<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Clonazepam<\/strong><\/td><td>Petril, Clonotril<\/td><td>SSRI bridge in panic disorder<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Prazosin<\/strong><\/td><td>Minipress<\/td><td>PTSD nightmares, off-label use<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Naloxone<\/strong><\/td><td>Narcan<\/td><td>Opioid overdose reversal<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Methylphenidate<\/strong><\/td><td>Addwize, Macpod<\/td><td>First-line ADHD stimulant<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Vortioxetine<\/strong><\/td><td>Trinza<\/td><td>Newer multimodal antidepressant, not covered in any round<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td><strong>Amisulpride<\/strong><\/td><td>Aminext, Amisulin<\/td><td>Atypical antipsychotic, not covered in any round<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody><\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"rv-sub\">Sequence rules \u2014 act in order<\/div>\n        <p>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill\">Active psychosis: treat now, classify duration later<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill\">Wernicke's: thiamine before or with glucose, never after<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">OCD: push SSRI dose and duration before switching class<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-blue\">Any positive PHQ-9 item 9: structured risk assessment before discharge<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Peer concern: ask directly first \u2014 don't wait for explicit intent<\/span>\n          <span class=\"rv-pill-green\">Acute EPS: anticholinergic helps; in TD, the same drug class harms<\/span>\n        <\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- Footer -->\n    <div class=\"rv-footer\">\n      Psychiatry Summative Revision \u00b7 atsixty.com \u00b7 Morning Rounds Series<br>\n      <a href=\"\/index.php\/psychiatry\/index-to-psychiatry-series-of-morning-rounds\/\">\u2190 Return to Psychiatry Series Index<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Morning Rounds \u00b7 Psychiatry Series PsychiatrySummative Revision Notes Eight topics \u00b7 NEET-PG \/ INI-CET \/ UPSC CMS \u00b7 Key facts, criteria, mechanisms and traps Mood Disorders Anxiety, OCD &amp; Trauma Psychotic Disorders Psychopharmacology I Psychopharmacology II Substance Use Emergencies &amp; Special Populations Depression in Students These notes consolidate the eight Psychiatry Morning Rounds. They are&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[74,94],"tags":[82,83],"class_list":["post-37216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-morning-rounds","category-psychiatry","tag-cms","tag-neet-pg"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Psychiatry - Summative Revision Notes - atsixty<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atsixty.com\/index.php\/morning-rounds\/psychiatry-summative-revision-notes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Psychiatry - Summative Revision Notes - atsixty\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Morning Rounds \u00b7 Psychiatry Series PsychiatrySummative Revision Notes Eight topics \u00b7 NEET-PG \/ INI-CET \/ UPSC CMS \u00b7 Key facts, criteria, mechanisms and traps Mood Disorders Anxiety, OCD &amp; Trauma Psychotic Disorders Psychopharmacology I Psychopharmacology II Substance Use Emergencies &amp; Special Populations Depression in Students These notes consolidate the eight Psychiatry Morning Rounds. 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