Four major complications of prematurity.
ROP: screen all <32 weeks or <1500 g; treat stage 3+ with laser or anti-VEGF.
IVH: Papile grade I–II usually resolves; grade III–IV risks post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus.
NEC: pneumatosis intestinalis on AXR is pathognomonic; perforation (Bell III) requires surgery.
BPD: defined by oxygen need beyond 28 days and at 36 weeks corrected gestational age.