Nephrology Series: A Guide
Morning Rounds · Nephrology Series NephrologyA Guide to the Morning Rounds Series Seven high-yield rounds · 35 clinical cases · NEET-PG and UPSC CMS · +4 / −1 scoring Nephrology sits at a peculiar crossroads…
Hereditary, Vascular & Structural Nephrology
Morning Rounds · Hereditary, Vascular & Structural Nephrology ADPKD — Extrarenal Manifestations PKD1 / PKD2 Polycystin defect Intracranial Berry Aneurysms 5–10% of patients Most feared complication — SAH Hepatic Cysts Commonest extrarenal feature Usually asymptomatic…
Dialysis & Transplantation: Modalities, Complications & Rejection
Morning Rounds · Dialysis & Transplantation Renal Transplant Rejection — Types & Features Type Timing Mechanism Histology Treatment Hyperacute Minutes–hours on table Pre-formed anti-donor HLA antibodies (AMR) Thrombosis, necrosis fibrin thrombi Irreversible; graft removal Acute…
Electrolytes: The Renal Lens
Morning Rounds · Electrolytes — The Renal Lens Hyponatraemia — Diagnostic Framework Serum Osmolality High (>290): Hyperglycaemia Normal (280–290): Pseudohyponatraemia (hyperlipidaemia, hyperproteinaemia) Low (<280): True hyponatraemia Assess volume status + urine Na Hypovolaemic U-Na <20:…
Renal Tubular Disorders
Morning Rounds · Renal Tubular Disorders Renal Tubular Acidosis — Comparison Feature Type I (Distal) Type II (Proximal) Type IV Normal AG acidosis Defect H⁺ secretion (collecting duct) HCO₃⁻ reabsorption (proximal tubule) Aldosterone deficiency /…
Glomerular Diseases
Morning Rounds · Glomerular Diseases Nephrotic vs Nephritic Syndrome Feature Nephrotic Nephritic Proteinuria >3.5 g/day (massive) <3.5 g/day (mild–mod) Haematuria Absent / minimal Prominent (RBC casts) Oedema Severe (hypoalbuminaemia) Mild–moderate (Na retention) BP / renal…
Chronic Kidney Disease
Morning Rounds · Chronic Kidney Disease CKD Staging — KDIGO 2012 (eGFR + Albuminuria) eGFR-based Stage Albuminuria Category (mg/g or mg/mmol) G1 Normal / High eGFR ≥ 90 G2 Mildly decreased 60 – 89 G3a…
Acute Kidney Injury
Morning Rounds · Acute Kidney Injury AKI Classification Systems Stage Serum Creatinine Urine Output RIFLE: Risk KDIGO: Stage 1 ↑ ≥1.5× baseline OR ≥0.3 mg/dL (within 48 h) <0.5 mL/kg/h for >6 h RIFLE: Injury…
Neonatology: Summative Revision
Morning Rounds · Neonatology Series NeonatologySummative Revision Notes Seven topics · NEET-PG and UPSC CMS · Key facts, tables, and diagrams Jaundice Respiratory Distress Sepsis HIE Seizures Preterm Omnibus These notes summarise the seven Morning…
Neonatology Omnibus
Morning Rounds · Neonatology Omnibus Morning Rounds · Neonatology Series Neonatology OmnibusThe Full Ward Round Ten cases across the full neonatology shelf · Trust your instinct 10 Cases +4 / −1 scoring Max 40 pts…