Morning Rounds · Surgery Series SurgerySummative Revision Notes Seven topics · NEET-PG · Key facts, tables, classifications and surgical rules Upper GI Lower GI Hepatobiliary Breast & Endocrine Urology & Hernias Vascular & Trauma Oncology… 

Morning Rounds · Oncology, Neurosurgery & Periop Extradural vs Subdural Haematoma — Key Differentiators Feature Extradural (EDH) Subdural (SDH) Source of bleeding Middle meningeal artery (arterial — rapid accumulation) Bridging cortical veins (venous — slower,… 

Morning Rounds · Vascular, Trauma & Burns Burns — Rule of 9s (Adult) & Parkland Formula Rule of 9s — Adult TBSA Head & neck — 9% Each upper limb — 9% (×2 = 18%)… 

Morning Rounds · Urology & Hernias Inguinal Hernia — Anatomy & Surgical Landmarks Feature Indirect Direct Entry point Through deep inguinal ring (lateral to inferior epigastric a.) Through Hesselbach's triangle (medial to inferior epigastric a.)… 

Morning Rounds · Breast, Thyroid & Endocrine Surgery Thyroid Carcinoma — Comparative Features Feature Papillary Follicular Medullary Anaplastic Frequency MC (~80%) ~10% ~5–8% ~2% (worst) Spread Lymphatic (LN) Haematogenous Lymphatic + haematogenous Direct invasion Tumour… 

Morning Rounds · Hepatobiliary & Pancreas Acute Cholangitis — Clinical Grading & Features Syndrome Features Implication Charcot's Triad (RUQ pain + fever + jaundice) Biliary colic + fever/rigors + obstructive jaundice (Courvoisier's sign absent here)… 

Morning Rounds · Lower GI Surgery Crohn's Disease vs Ulcerative Colitis — Surgical Differentiators Feature Crohn's Disease Ulcerative Colitis Distribution Any part mouth to anus; skip lesions Rectum → proximal, continuous; always involves rectum Wall… 

Morning Rounds · Upper GI Surgery Achalasia — Pathophysiology & Manometric Pattern Feature Normal Achalasia LES tone Normal (15–35 mmHg); relaxes with swallow Elevated (>45 mmHg); fails to relax Oesophageal body Progressive peristaltic contractions Aperistalsis… 

Morning Rounds · Surgery Series SurgeryA Guide to the Morning Rounds Series Seven high-yield rounds · 35 clinical cases · NEET-PG · +4 / −1 scoring Surgery is a subject that rewards a particular kind…